ACS VS WILEY VS IEEE VS OUP AI Guidelines, Avoid Manuscript Rejection & Retraction

選擇出版機構

비교할 출판사 선택	American Chemical Society	IEEE	Oxford University Press	Wiley

Using generative AI to write manuscript content Can authors use generative AI tools like ChatGPT or DeepSeek to generate parts or all of the manuscript text? For example: Generating text using AI prompts, developing content based on ideas, creating machine summaries based on other published content.	not allowed	allowed	not allowed	not allowed
Is human review needed in this case?	not allowed	not defined	not allowed	not allowed
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	not allowed	mandatory	not allowed	not allowed
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output, in addition to using AI tools?	not allowed	not defined	not allowed	not allowed

Using non-generative automated tools for language improvement Can authors use automated tools like autocorrectors or grammar checkers (e.g. MS Word Text Predictor, Trinka, Grammarly, etc) to improve the language of their manuscript? This includes refining, correcting, editing, or formatting the text to enhance clarity. This does not include generating any content or summaries using generative AI tools (GPT, DeepSeek, etc)	allowed	allowed	not defined	allowed
Is human review needed in this case?	mandatory	not defined	not defined	mandatory
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	not required	not required	not defined	not required
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output, in addition to using AI tools?	not required	not defined	not defined	not required

Using generative AI for language editing and improvements Can authors use a generative AI tool like ChatGPT or DeepSeek to edit and improve the language in a manuscript they've written? This includes asking the AI to correct grammar, refine the text for clarity, or rewrite sentences.	allowed	not defined	not allowed	allowed
Is human review needed in this case?	mandatory	not defined	not allowed	mandatory
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	mandatory	not defined	not allowed	mandatory
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output, in addition to using AI tools?	mandatory	not defined	not allowed	mandatory
Is human review is required to verify the output for potential bias, inaccurate facts, inaccurate attributions, and tortured phrases, while ensuring that the tone, style, and original meaning are retained?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined

Using AI for manuscript translation Can authors use an AI tool (e.g., ChatGPT, DeepSeek, Google Translate, or DeepL) to translate their manuscript into another language for publication?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Is human review needed in this case?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Is human review is required to verify the output for potential bias, inaccurate facts, inaccurate attributions, and tortured phrases, while ensuring that the tone, style, and original meaning are retained?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output, in addition to using AI tools?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined

Using AI to generate data visualizations Can authors use an AI tool to generate a visualization of their research data or results? This includes using AI to create a graph, chart, or other visual representation from their dataset.	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Is human review needed in this case?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Is human review required to verify that the visualization accurately represents the data and to check for misleading scales, incorrect labeling, or potential bias?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output, in addition to using AI tools?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined

Using AI to edit or refine data visualizations Can authors use an AI tool to correct or refine an existing visualization of their research data or results? This includes using AI to edit a graph, chart, or other visual representation created by the authors.	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Is human review needed in this case?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output, in addition to using AI tools?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined

Using AI to correct or format research data Can authors use an AI tool to correct or format the data in their manuscripts? This includes using AI to fix or format research data, such as a dataset you've included as supplementary material or stored in a data repository.	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Is human review required to verify that the image is scientifically accurate, ethically sound, and does not misrepresent the original research or data it is intended to illustrate?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output, in addition to using AI tools?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined

Generating images from scratch with AI Can authors use an AI tool to create an image, diagram, or figure for their manuscript? This includes using AI to generate an illustration, like a picture of people farming in an ancient society, that would otherwise be created by a human artist.	allowed	allowed	not defined	not allowed
Is human review required to verify that the image is scientifically accurate, ethically sound, and does not misrepresent the original research or data it is intended to illustrate?	mandatory	not defined	not defined	not allowed
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	mandatory	mandatory	not defined	not allowed
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output, in addition to using AI tools?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not allowed

Editing or formatting images with AI Can authors use an AI tool to edit or format an existing image, diagram, or figure in their manuscript for illustrative or aesthetic purposes? This includes using AI to refine or edit an image that was not created by AI. For example: Using an AI tool to remove a distracting element from a photo of a lab setup.	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Is human review required to verify that the image is scientifically accurate, ethically sound, and does not misrepresent the original research or data it is intended to illustrate?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output along with the use of AI tools?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined

Using AI to generate or improve code used for research Can authors use AI to generate new code or improve existing code that was used as part of the research?	not allowed	allowed	not defined	not allowed
Is human review required to verify that the code is functional, logically correct, and well-documented, and to ensure that it improves readability without introducing errors?	not allowed	not defined	not defined	not defined
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	not allowed	mandatory	not defined	not defined
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output, in addition to using AI tools?	not allowed	not defined	not defined	not defined

Using AI to refine or format code reported in a manuscript Can authors use AI to refine or format the code their manuscripts? This includes using AI to improve the readability or presentation of the code submitted as part of a manuscript. For example: Using an AI to add comments to your code or re-organize the script for better flow.	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Is human review required to verify that the code is functional, logically correct, and well-documented, and to ensure that it improves readability without introducing errors?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output, in addition to using AI tools?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined

Using AI to generate a reference list Can authors use an AI tool to create or suggest references for their manuscripts? This includes generating a list of related research for citations.	allowed	not defined	not defined	not defined
Is human review required to verify that all suggested references are real, accurate, and relevant to the manuscript, and to check for incorrect citations or non-existent sources?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined
Does the author need to disclose human review of AI output, in addition to using AI tools?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined

Using AI to format references Can authors use an AI tool to format citations they've found themselves into a specific style (e.g., APA, MLA) based on a DOI or other reference information?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined
Is human review required to verify that all suggested references are authentic, accurate, relevant, valid, and adhere to the requirements of the research area and the journal?	not defined	not defined	not allowed	not defined
Does the author need to disclose AI tool usage in this case?	not defined	not defined	not defined	not defined

Presenting AI content as original research without any basis Can authors present any AI-generated content—such as text, data, graphs, images—as though it were their own original research data or results? For example: Using an AI tool to create a fake dataset and then presenting it in your manuscript as if it were the result of your lab experiments. See a report on fabrication	not allowed	not defined	not defined	not allowed

Official AI Policy Guide Link	ACS AI Policy	IEEE AI Policy	OUP AI Policy	Wiley AI Policy

Last Updated	-	-	-	-

Use of AI in the preparation of academic manuscripts (*)

What	Example	Does NOT Include
What	Example	Does NOT Include

Using generative AI to write manuscript content Can authors use generative AI tools like ChatGPT or DeepSeek to generate parts or all of the manuscript text? For example: Generating text using AI prompts, developing content based on ideas, creating machine summaries based on other published content.

What	Example	Does NOT Include
Automated tools were used to suggest language improvements	Spell checkers, grammar checkers, predictive text in Microsoft Word	Generating text using AI prompts, generating machine summaries of text, analysing or summarising textual documents as part of the research process

Using non-generative automated tools for language improvement Can authors use automated tools like autocorrectors or grammar checkers (e.g. MS Word Text Predictor, Trinka, Grammarly, etc) to improve the language of their manuscript? This includes refining, correcting, editing, or formatting the text to enhance clarity. This does not include generating any content or summaries using generative AI tools (GPT, DeepSeek, etc)

What	Example	Does NOT Include
AI was used to create part or all of the manuscript text	Generating text using AI prompts, asking AI to expand on text, generating machine summaries of text (e.g. to summarise arguments made in another publication)	Use of simple spelling and grammar checkers, analysing or summarising textual documents as part of the research process

Using generative AI for language editing and improvements Can authors use a generative AI tool like ChatGPT or DeepSeek to edit and improve the language in a manuscript they've written? This includes asking the AI to correct grammar, refine the text for clarity, or rewrite sentences.

What	Example	Does NOT Include
AI was used to assist translation of an author's original work into a secondary language	Authors using tools (e.g. Google Translate, ChatGPT) to assist with translating their manuscript draft	Translation of materials as part of the research process (unrelated to manuscript preparation)

Using AI for manuscript translation Can authors use an AI tool (e.g., ChatGPT, DeepSeek, Google Translate, or DeepL) to translate their manuscript into another language for publication?

What	Example	Does NOT Include
Data reported in the submitted manuscript (e.g. included as supplementary material, or stored in a data repository linked to from the manuscript) are refined or formatted using AI	Authors using tools to correct (e.g. on the level of language) or format research data before it's published	Using AI to visualise data sets (activity 6) or data manipulation; any generation, correcting, or editing of data used as part of the research process

Using AI to generate data visualizations Can authors use an AI tool to generate a visualization of their research data or results? This includes using AI to create a graph, chart, or other visual representation from their dataset.

What	Example	Does NOT Include
AI was used to generate images or diagrams or other figures in the manuscript for illustrative or aesthetic purposes only	Using AI to create an image of e.g. people farming in an ancient society - the sort of image that might otherwise be created by a human artist as an illustration	Visualisation of actual data or research outputs, editing of visualisations of actual data or results, presentation of generated images as research outputs in themselves or as representing research outputs

Using AI to correct or format research data Can authors use an AI tool to correct or format the data in their manuscripts? This includes using AI to fix or format research data, such as a dataset you've included as supplementary material or stored in a data repository.

What	Example	Does NOT Include
AI tools were used to visualise or refine visualisations of research data/results	Using AI to generate a graph or other visualisation of a given research data set	Generation of images or other content without any basis in real research data/outputs

Generating images from scratch with AI Can authors use an AI tool to create an image, diagram, or figure for their manuscript? This includes using AI to generate an illustration, like a picture of people farming in an ancient society, that would otherwise be created by a human artist.

What	Example	Does NOT Include
AI tools were used to assist with refinement of the presentation of code within the manuscript	Using AI to assist with human assessment to improve the readability of code submitted as part of a manuscript	Code generated or improved by AI that was used for the research itself; any new code generated by AI alone

Editing or formatting images with AI Can authors use an AI tool to edit or format an existing image, diagram, or figure in their manuscript for illustrative or aesthetic purposes? This includes using AI to refine or edit an image that was not created by AI. For example: Using an AI tool to remove a distracting element from a photo of a lab setup.

What	Example	Does NOT Include
AI tools were used to create or suggest references to include in the manuscript	Asking AI to generate a list of articles that are related to the research to use as references	AI generation of plausible-sounding references that do not exist; using automated tools to generate a citation in a particular style/format based on a DOI

Using AI to generate or improve code used for research Can authors use AI to generate new code or improve existing code that was used as part of the research?

What	Example	Does NOT Include
AI was used to create data, text, images, graphs, datasets, or other content that is presented as though it were original research data/results collected or analysed from other, non-machine sources	Any content generated wholesale by AI without any basis in original research data/outputs, presented as though it is based on original data/results	Using AI to visualise original research data/results (activity #6); carrying out research on the outputs of GenAI (in which case GenAI outputs can be considered research data)

Using AI to refine or format code reported in a manuscript Can authors use AI to refine or format the code their manuscripts? This includes using AI to improve the readability or presentation of the code submitted as part of a manuscript. For example: Using an AI to add comments to your code or re-organize the script for better flow.

What	Example	Does NOT Include
AI was used to create data, text, images, graphs, datasets, or other content that is presented as though it were original research data/results collected or analysed from other, non-machine sources	Any content generated wholesale by AI without any basis in original research data/outputs, presented as though it is based on original data/results	Using AI to visualise original research data/results (activity #6); carrying out research on the outputs of GenAI (in which case GenAI outputs can be considered research data)

Using AI to generate a reference list Can authors use an AI tool to create or suggest references for their manuscripts? This includes generating a list of related research for citations.

What	Example	Does NOT Include
AI was used to create data, text, images, graphs, datasets, or other content that is presented as though it were original research data/results collected or analysed from other, non-machine sources	Any content generated wholesale by AI without any basis in original research data/outputs, presented as though it is based on original data/results	Using AI to visualise original research data/results (activity #6); carrying out research on the outputs of GenAI (in which case GenAI outputs can be considered research data)

Using AI to format references Can authors use an AI tool to format citations they've found themselves into a specific style (e.g., APA, MLA) based on a DOI or other reference information?

What	Example	Does NOT Include
AI was used to create data, text, images, graphs, datasets, or other content that is presented as though it were original research data/results collected or analysed from other, non-machine sources	Any content generated wholesale by AI without any basis in original research data/outputs, presented as though it is based on original data/results	Using AI to visualise original research data/results (activity #6); carrying out research on the outputs of GenAI (in which case GenAI outputs can be considered research data)

Presenting AI content as original research without any basis Can authors present any AI-generated content—such as text, data, graphs, images—as though it were their own original research data or results? For example: Using an AI tool to create a fake dataset and then presenting it in your manuscript as if it were the result of your lab experiments. See a report on fabrication

What	Example	Does NOT Include
AI was used to create data, text, images, graphs, datasets, or other content that is presented as though it were original research data/results collected or analysed from other, non-machine sources	Any content generated wholesale by AI without any basis in original research data/outputs, presented as though it is based on original data/results	Using AI to visualise original research data/results (activity #6); carrying out research on the outputs of GenAI (in which case GenAI outputs can be considered research data)