{"id":30221,"date":"2022-12-23T13:58:50","date_gmt":"2022-12-23T13:58:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tw\/?p=30221"},"modified":"2023-07-28T11:31:18","modified_gmt":"2023-07-28T11:31:18","slug":"explanatory-and-response-variables-in-statistics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tw\/explanatory-and-response-variables-in-statistics\/","title":{"rendered":"\u79d1\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u8b8a\u6578\u548c\u56de\u61c9\u8b8a\u6578"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u7121\u8ad6\u5c0d\u65bc\u6982\u7387\u6027\u9084\u662f\u975e\u6982\u7387\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u53c3\u6578\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u67d0\u7a2e\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5373\u67d0\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u5c0e\u81f4\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u53c3\u6578\uff08parameter\uff09\u53c8\u7a31\u8b8a\u6578\uff08variable\uff09\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7c21\u8ff0\u8a66\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\u7684\u8b8a\u6578\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c0d\u65bc\u6578\u5b78\u51fd\u6578y=f(x)\uff0cx\u7a31\u70ba\u5f15\u6578\u6216\u7368\u7acb\u5f15\u6578\uff08independent 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of Experiments\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31DoE\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8a66\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\uff0c\u89e3\u91cb\u8b8a\u6578\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u56e0\u5b50\uff08factor\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u56de\u61c9\u8b8a\u6578\u88ab\u7c21\u55ae\u5730\u7a31\u70ba\u56de\u61c9\uff08response\uff09\u3002\u8a66\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u5305\u62ec\u55ae\u56e0\u5b50\u554f\u984c\u3001\u591a\u56e0\u5b50\u554f\u984c\u3001\u55ae\u56de\u61c9\u554f\u984c\u3001\u591a\u56de\u61c9\u554f\u984c\u7b49\u3002\u8b8a\u6578\u6309\u7167\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u96a8\u6a5f\u6027\u8cea\u5206\u70ba\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\uff08deterministic\uff09\u8b8a\u6578\u548c\u6982\u7387\u6027\uff08probabilistic\uff09\u8b8a\u6578\u3002\u78ba\u5b9a\u6027\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u96e2\u6563\u53d6\u503c\u7a31\u70ba\u6c34\u6e96\u503c\uff08level\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u56e0\u5b50\u8207\u56de\u61c9\u4e4b\u9593\u80fd\u5920\u7528\u5177\u6709\u7269\u7406\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5c31\u7a31\u9019\u7a2e\u95dc\u4fc2\u70ba\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7acb\u65b9\u9ad4\u7684\u9ad4\u7a4d\u7b49\u65bc\u5e95\u9762\u7a4d\u4e58\u4ee5\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u56e0\u5b50\u8207\u56de\u61c9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u6975\u70ba\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u5177\u6709\u7269\u7406\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u6578\u5b78\u6a21\u578b\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u63a1\u7528\u8cc7\u6599\u64ec\u5408\uff08\u53c8\u7a31\u56de\u6b78\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5efa\u7acb\u67d0\u7a2e\u95dc\u806f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u986f\u5f0f\u7684\u591a\u9805\u5f0f\u64ec\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u96b1\u5f0f\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u7db2\u8def\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u591a\u9805\u5f0f\u64ec\u5408\u6a21\u578b\u7a31\u70ba\u64ec\u5408\u5668\uff08emulator\uff09\u6216\u56de\u61c9\u66f2\u9762\u6a21\u578b\uff08response surface model\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8a66\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u5305\u62ec\u5168\u6790\u56e0\u8a2d\u8a08\u548c\u90e8\u5206\u6790\u56e0\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8a66\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u7269\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u56e0\u5b50\u8207\u56de\u61c9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u95dc\u4fc2\u63a8\u5c0e\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u56de\u61c9\u66f2\u9762\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u8a66\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u4f86\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u7576\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u70ba2\u62163\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7576\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u6c34\u6e96\u503c\u662f2\u62163\u6642\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u53d6\u503c\u7d44\u5408\u60c5\u5f62\u7684\u6578\u76ee\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u6790\u56e0\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u4ee53\u6c34\u6e96\u548c3\u56e0\u5b50\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u5b50\u8a18\u70bax<sub>1<\/sub>\u3001x<sub>2<\/sub>\u3001x<sub>3<\/sub>\uff0c\u6c34\u6e96\u503c\u5047\u8a2d\u70ba-1\u30010\u30011\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u53d6\u503c\u7d44\u5408\u6578\u76ee\u662f27\uff0c\u53733\u00b43\u00b43=27\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u5168\u6790\u56e0\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u901927\u500b\u56e0\u5b50\u53d6\u503c\u7d44\u5408\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7d44\u5408\u53ef\u4ee5\u820d\u53bb\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4e0d\u592a\u5f71\u97ff\u56e0\u5b50\u5c0d\u56de\u61c9\u4e4b\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5b8c\u6574\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u8a66\u9a57\u6b21\u6578\u5247\u80fd\u5920\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u6e1b\u5c11\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f9e27\u6b21\u6e1b\u5c11\u523013\u6b21\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u7a31\u70ba\u90e8\u5206\u6790\u56e0\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u6790\u56e0\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u512a\u52e2\u5728\u56e0\u5b50\u6216\u6c34\u6e96\u503c\u6578\u91cf\u773e\u591a\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\u8b8a\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u986f\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6790\u56e0\u8a2d\u8a08\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u6b63\u4ea4\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u50b3\u7d71\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u5747\u52fb\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u62c9\u4e01\u8d85\u7acb\u65b9\uff08Latin Hypercube\uff09\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u5728\u8a55\u50f9\u591a\u9805\u5f0f\u56de\u61c9\u66f2\u9762\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6e96\u78ba\u5ea6\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u9805\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a1\u7528\u76f8\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u6aa2\u9a57\u3001\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\u3001\u6b98\u5dee\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5229\u7528\u56e0\u5b50\u548c\u56de\u61c9\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u56de\u61c9\u66f2\u9762\u6a21\u578b\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u904e\u8a08\u7b97\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\u548c\u9810\u6e2c\u56e0\u5b50\u5c0d\u56de\u61c9\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5c0b\u512a\uff0c\u5373\u5c0b\u627e\u5728\u56e0\u5b50\u53d6\u503c\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u6642\uff0c\u56de\u61c9\u53c3\u6578\u7684\u503c\u9054\u5230\u6700\u5927\u6216\u6700\u5c0f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8a66\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u5f80\u5f80\u8207\u512a\u5316\u806f\u7e6b\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5728\u512a\u5316\u554f\u984c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5169\u985e\u56de\u61c9\u8b8a\u6578\uff0c\u4e00\u985e\u7a31\u70ba\u76ee\u6a19\u56de\u61c9\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u985e\u7a31\u70ba\u7d04\u675f\u56de\u61c9\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u512a\u5316\u554f\u984c\u662f\u5e36\u6709\u7b49\u5f0f\u6216\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f0f\u7d04\u675f\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u55ae\u76ee\u6a19\u512a\u5316\u6216\u591a\u76ee\u6a19\u512a\u5316\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7d9c\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u89e3\u91cb\u8b8a\u6578\u548c\u56de\u61c9\u8b8a\u6578\u5206\u5225\u5c0d\u61c9\u8a66\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\u7684\u56e0\u5b50\u548c\u56de\u61c9\u3002\u56de\u61c9\u66f2\u9762\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08Response Surface Method\uff0c\u7c21\u7a31RSM\uff09\u662f\u8655\u7406\u9019\u4e9b\u8b8a\u6578\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u82f1\u8ad6\u95a3\u63d0\u4f9b<a href=\"https:\/\/www.enago.tw\/publication-support\/statistical-analysis.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u7d71\u8a08\u5206\u6790\u670d\u52d9<\/a>\uff0c\u4ee5\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u60a8\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u6578\u64da\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7d44\u7e54\u4e26\u5448\u73fe\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u9a57\u8b49\u548c\u91cf\u5316\u60a8\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u767c\u73fe\u3002\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u60a8\u9047\u5230\u6a23\u672c\u91cf\u554f\u984c\u3001\u6578\u64da\u89e3\u91cb\u4e0a\u7684\u56f0\u96e3\u3001\u53c8\u6216\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u6e05\u6670\u95e1\u8ff0\u60a8\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u70ba\u60a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5e6b\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7121\u8ad6\u5c0d\u65bc\u6982\u7387\u6027\u9084\u662f\u975e\u6982\u7387\u6027\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5206\u6790\u5728\u63a2\u7d22\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u53c3\u6578\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u67d0\u7a2e\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5373\u67d0\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u5c0e\u81f4\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u53c3\u6578\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u53c3\u6578\uff08parameter\uff09\u53c8\u7a31\u8b8a\u6578\uff08variable\uff09\u3002\u672c\u6587\u7c21\u8ff0\u8a66\u9a57\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\u7684\u8b8a\u6578\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u5c0d\u65bc\u6578\u5b78\u51fd\u6578y=f(x)\uff0cx\u7a31\u70ba\u5f15\u6578\u6216\u7368\u7acb\u5f15\u6578\uff08independent variable\uff09\uff0cy\u7a31\u70ba\u56e0\u8b8a\u6578\uff08dependent variable\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70bax\u503c\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u901a\u904e\u67d0\u7a2e\u51fd\u6578\u95dc\u4fc2\u5c0e\u81f4y\u7684\u503c\u767c\u751f\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u51fd\u6578\u5f62\u5f0f\u6216\u67d0\u7a2e\u6578\u5b78\u986f\u5f0f\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8b8a\u6578\u4e4b\u9593\u78ba\u5be6\u662f\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u95dc\u806f\u7684\u3002\u5f15\u6578\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u89e3\u91cb\u8b8a\u6578\uff08explanatory variable\uff09\u6216\u9810\u6e2c\u8b8a\u6578\uff08predictor variable\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u8b8a\u6578\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u56de\u61c9\u8b8a\u6578\uff08response variable\uff09\u6216\u7d50\u679c\u8b8a\u6578\uff08outcome variable\uff09\u3002\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u8b8a\u6578\uff0c\u5176\u542b\u7fa9\u70ba\u8a72\u8b8a\u6578\u7684\u503c\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u80fd\u5920\u201c\u89e3\u91cb\u201d\u56de\u61c9\u8b8a\u6578\u7684\u503c\u767c\u751f\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u3002\u8868\u9054\u89e3\u91cb\u8b8a\u6578\u8207\u56de\u61c9\u8b8a\u6578\u4e4b\u9593\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u6700\u7c21\u55ae\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u63a1\u7528\u6563\u9ede\u5716\uff08scatter plot\uff09\uff0c\u5c07\u89e3\u91cb\u8b8a\u6578\u653e\u5728\u6a6b\u8ef8\uff08x\u8ef8\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5c07\u56de\u61c9\u8b8a\u6578\u653e\u5728\u7e31\u8ef8\uff08y\u8ef8\uff09\uff0c\u89c0\u5bdf\u8cc7\u6599\u9ede\u7684\u5206\u4f48\u662f\u5426\u5448\u73fe\u67d0\u7a2e\u660e\u986f\u7684\u898f\u5f8b\u6216\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u3002 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