{"id":29906,"date":"2021-10-15T12:19:27","date_gmt":"2021-10-15T12:19:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tw\/?p=29906"},"modified":"2023-11-09T09:47:03","modified_gmt":"2023-11-09T09:47:03","slug":"measure-novelty-research-lack-of-innovation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enago.com\/academy\/tw\/measure-novelty-research-lack-of-innovation\/","title":{"rendered":"\u671f\u520a\u5be9\u7a3f\u610f\u898b\u8aaa\u8ad6\u6587\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5275\u65b0\u6027\uff0c\u5012\u5e95\u4ec0\u9ebc\u662f\u5275\u65b0\uff1f\u5982\u4f55\u53cd\u99c1\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u5927\u591a\u6709\u904e\u8ad6\u6587\u88ab\u62d2\u7a3f\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u3002\u88ab\u671f\u520a\u7de8\u8f2f\u6216\u5be9\u7a3f\u4eba\u6279\u99c1\u8ad6\u6587\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5275\u65b0\u6027\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u662f\u6700\u8b93\u4f5c\u8005\u611f\u5230\u96e3\u904e\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u57fa\u672c\u5c31\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u4e86\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u5be9\u7a3f\u610f\u898b\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u7b49\u7d1a\u4e88\u4ee5\u8a55\u5224\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u4e26\u4e0d\u6307\u51fa\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u7406\u7531\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5f9e\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u3001\u7b49\u7d1a\u3001\u67e5\u65b0\u8ad6\u8b49\u3001\u56de\u8986\u5be9\u7a3f\u4eba\u7b49\u5e7e\u500b\u89d2\u5ea6\u8ad6\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u78ba\u5c0d\u5f85\u95dc\u65bc\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u5be9\u7a3f\u610f\u898b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u570b\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8036\u9b6f\u5927\u5b78\u5c0d\u5b78\u4f4d\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u6709\u904e\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a\u201cThe originality of a dissertation may consist of the discovery of significant new information or principles of organization, the achievement of a new synthesis, the development of new methods or theories, or the application of established methods to new materials.\u201d\u9019\u6bb5\u8a71\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u4e2d\u6587\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u5b78\u4f4d\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u539f\u5275\u6027\u4f86\u81ea\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u65b9\u9762\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\u5728\u7d50\u69cb\u539f\u7406\u4e0a\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u65b0\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u904b\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u7d9c\u5408\u6027\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u65b0\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u65b0\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u5c07\u5df2\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u65bc\u65b0\u6750\u6599\u6216\u65b0\u8cc7\u6599\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u201d\u9019\u500b\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u5b9a\u7fa9\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c21\u8ff0\u70ba<strong>\u65b0\u767c\u73fe\u3001\u65b0\u7d9c\u5408\u3001\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u65b0\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5fc5\u9808\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u6216\u6709\u50f9\u503c<\/strong>\u3002\u8a72\u5b9a\u7fa9\u666e\u9069\u65bc\u79d1\u5b78\u6280\u8853\u3001\u91ab\u5b78\u548c\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7b49\u4e00\u5207\u5b78\u8853\u9818\u57df\u3002\u65b0\u5c31\u662f\u6c92\u4eba\u505a\u904e\u3002\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u3002\u65b0\u767c\u73fe\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u63a2\u7d22\u672a\u77e5\u6642\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u65b0\u73fe\u8c61\u3002\u65b0\u7d9c\u5408\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u6280\u8853\u7522\u54c1\u8a95\u751f\u6216\u4ea4\u53c9\u5b78\u79d1\u7522\u751f\u7684\u65b0\u89c0\u9ede\u3002\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u6539\u9032\u79d1\u7814\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u63d0\u51fa\u63cf\u8ff0\u67d0\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u65b0\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5c07\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u7406\u8ad6\u7528\u65bc\u65b0\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u554f\u984c\u6216\u5f97\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002\u4e0d\u50c5\u89e3\u6c7a\u554f\u984c\u662f\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u554f\u984c\u4e5f\u662f\u5275\u65b0\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u554f\u984c\u6709\u5927\u6709\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u65b0\u554f\u984c\u90fd\u5177\u5099\u767c\u8868\u50f9\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u6d89\u53ca\u6709\u610f\u7fa9\u3001\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u6216\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u5177\u5099\u767c\u8868\u8cc7\u683c\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u4e0d\u80fd\u7121\u95dc\u7dca\u8981\u6216\u5fae\u4e0d\u8db3\u9053\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u5f15\u51fa\u6309\u7167\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u548c\u5275\u65b0\u5167\u5bb9\u591a\u5c11\u4f86\u5283\u5206\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u7b49\u7d1a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u70ba\u4e09\u7b49\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7b49\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u662f\u5c0d\u524d\u4eba\u6c92\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u904e\u7684\u554f\u984c\u63d0\u51fa<strong>\u958b\u5275\u6027\u89c0\u9ede<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f9e\u7121\u5230\u6709\u5730\u767c\u73fe\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u73fe\u8c61\u3001\u5275\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7406\u8ad6\u3001\u9020\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7522\u54c1\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7b49\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u524d\u4eba\u5df2\u7d93\u7814\u7a76\u904e\u7684\u554f\u984c\u4e2d\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa<strong>\u7cfe\u6b63\u6027\u89c0\u9ede<\/strong>\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u7b49\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u6700\u5f31\uff0c\u662f\u5c0d\u65e2\u6709\u554f\u984c\u548c\u524d\u4eba\u89c0\u9ede\u63d0\u51fa<strong>\u88dc\u5145\u6027\u89c0\u9ede<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5be9\u7a3f\u4eba\u5c0d\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u8a55\u50f9\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u7a2e\uff1a<strong>\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5275\u65b0\u6027\uff08<\/strong><strong>nothing new<\/strong><strong>\uff09\uff0c\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\uff08<\/strong><strong>lack of novelty<\/strong><strong>\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u672c\u520a\u7269\u767c\u8868\uff08<\/strong><strong>not a good fit<\/strong><strong>\uff09\uff0c<\/strong><strong>\u7814\u7a76\u767c\u73fe<\/strong><strong>\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\uff08<\/strong><strong>trivial findings<\/strong><strong>\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8207\u5be9\u7a3f\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u4e0d\u50c5\u5728\u65bc\u6709\u7121\u5275\u65b0\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u5728\u65bc\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u7684\u7b49\u7d1a\u6216\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u5f71\u97ff\u56e0\u5b50\u671f\u520a\u5c0d\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u7b49\u7d1a\u8981\u6c42\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53ea\u63a5\u53d7\u5177\u6709\u958b\u5275\u6027\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c31\u6703\u5c0d\u5177\u6709\u7cfe\u6b63\u6027\u89c0\u9ede\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u7d66\u51fa\u201c\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u201d\u7684\u8a55\u50f9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u8a55\u50f9\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u6bcf\u5bb6\u671f\u520a\u76f8\u5c0d\u800c\u8a00\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4ec1\u8005\u898b\u4ec1\u3001\u667a\u8005\u898b\u667a\u7684\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9a\u8a8d\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u570b\u969b\u9802\u7d1a\u671f\u520a\u300aNature\u300b\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u5fc5\u9808\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u6216\u4ee4\u4eba\u5403\u9a5a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u8ad6\u6587\u6240\u6d89\u9818\u57df\u4e4b\u5916\u5177\u6709\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u5373\u9808\u4f7f\u5176\u4ed6\u9818\u57df\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u4e5f\u611f\u8208\u8da3\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u969b\u9802\u7d1a\u671f\u520a\u300aScience\u300b\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5275\u65b0\u662f\u5c0d\u81ea\u7136\u73fe\u8c61\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u7406\u8ad6\u63d0\u51fa\u65b0\u898b\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5c0d\u5df2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u8ad6\u7684\u518d\u6b21\u8ad6\u8b49\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u80fd\u5920\u5f15\u767c\u5ee3\u6cdb\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u6c89\u5bc2\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u63d0\u51fa\u5275\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5728\u6d3b\u8e8d\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u91cd\u5927\u9032\u5c55\uff0c\u5c07\u904e\u53bb\u5f7c\u6b64\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u4f5c\u70ba\u4ea4\u53c9\u5b78\u79d1\u878d\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u6309\u7167\u9019\u4e9b\u6a19\u6e96\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u5c31\u904e\u65bc\u7c21\u55ae\u3001\u72f9\u7a84\u800c\u4e0d\u5920\u8cc7\u683c\u4e86\uff0c\u5373\u5c6c\u65bc\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e9b\u4f5c\u8005\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7d93\u904e\u79d1\u6280\u67e5\u65b0\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u6703\u88ab\u5be9\u7a3f\u4eba\u8a55\u50f9\u70ba\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u67e5\u65b0\u53ea\u80fd\u67e5\u6709\u7121\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u800c\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u8a55\u50f9\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u7b49\u7d1a\u3002\u67e5\u65b0\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u7814\u7a76\u8a08\u756b\u3001\u5b78\u4f4d\u8ad6\u6587\u958b\u984c\u3001\u5c08\u5229\u7533\u8acb\u3001\u6210\u679c\u9452\u5b9a\u3001\u6210\u679c\u5831\u734e\u7b49\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7531\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u67e5\u65b0\u7533\u8acb\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u51fa\u67e5\u65b0\u8ad6\u9ede\uff0c\u7531\u5c08\u696d\u67e5\u65b0\u4eba\u54e1\u5728\u5404\u7a2e\u6587\u737b\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4e2d\u6aa2\u7d22\uff0c\u7d93\u6b78\u7d0d\u5206\u6790\u5f8c\u9812\u767c\u67e5\u65b0\u8a8d\u8b49\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u4f9b\u8a55\u5be9\u5c08\u5bb6\u5728\u6c7a\u7b56\u6642\u53c3\u8003\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u67e5\u65b0\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u907f\u514d\u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u76f2\u76ee\u6027\u3001\u96a8\u610f\u6027\u548c\u91cd\u8907\u6027\uff0c\u898f\u907f\u98a8\u96aa\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u79d1\u7814\u7d93\u8cbb\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u3002\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\uff0c\u67e5\u65b0\u5be6\u8e10\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5b78\u79d1\u9818\u57df\u7684\u591a\u6578\u79d1\u7814\u7acb\u9805\u5728\u9078\u984c\u4e0a\u57fa\u672c\u4ee5\u6a21\u4eff\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u570b\u5916\u5148\u71b1\u8d77\u4f86\u3001\u7136\u5f8c\u570b\u5167\u8ddf\u8457\u71b1\u8d77\u4f86\u751a\u81f3\u6bd4\u570b\u5916\u66f4\u71b1\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u9019\u7a2e\u8ab2\u984c\u88ab\u8ad6\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u51a0\u4ee5\u570b\u5167\u9996\u5275\u7b49\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u80fd\u5920\u9806\u5229\u901a\u904e\u67e5\u65b0\u8a8d\u8b49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53ea\u4f9d\u9760\u7c97\u7cd9\u7de8\u7e82\u5e7e\u500b\u67e5\u65b0\u8ad6\u9ede\u53bb\u67e5\u65b0\u8a8d\u8b49\u5275\u65b0\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u7121\u6cd5\u61c9\u4ed8\u671f\u520a\u8ad6\u6587\u5728\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5be9\u7a3f\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u9ebc\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u80fd\u5920\u78ba\u4fdd\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\u5177\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u4e4b\u70ba\u4f9d\u64da\u53cd\u99c1\u5be9\u7a3f\u4eba\u7684\u8ca0\u9762\u8a55\u50f9\u5462\uff1f\u5f9e\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\u8b1b\uff0c\u57fa\u790e\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u61c9\u4ee5\u5728\u57fa\u790e\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u95e1\u660e\u81ea\u7136\u73fe\u8c61\u3001\u7279\u5fb5\u548c\u898f\u5f8b\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u91cd\u5927\u767c\u73fe\u548c\u91cd\u5927\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b0\u767c\u73fe\u3001\u65b0\u7406\u8ad6\u7b49\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\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\u7f8e\u570b\u8457\u540d\u7684\u8036\u9b6f\u5927\u5b78\u5c0d\u5b78\u4f4d\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u6027\u6709\u904e\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a\u201cThe originality of a dissertation may consist of the discovery of significant new information 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